英语语言学（山东大学（威海）） 知到智慧树答案2024 z24402

第一章 单元测试

1、
To put it in a simple way, linguistics studies ________, meaning of linguistic units, and the use and interpretation of a sentence in different contexts.

A:properties of speech sounds
B:combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit
C:word formation
D:sentence structure
答案: properties of speech sounds;combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit;word formation;sentence structure

2、
To have a scientific language study, we must pursue brevity in analyzing the data and in stating our findings, which can be summarized as the standard of ________.

A:exhaustiveness
B:consistency
C:economy
D:objectivity
答案: economy

3、
 Parole refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

4、
The reason for Frenchmen to use cheval and for English to use horse to refer to the same animal is inexplicable.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

5、
Of speech and writing, modern linguistics regards writing as the primary medium of communication.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

6、
According to Chomsky, competence is the actual realization of the performance in linguistic communication. 

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

7、
Which of the following disciplines are related to applied linguistics?

A:education
B:psycholinguistics
C:physics
D:geology
答案: education;psycholinguistics

8、
Unlike animal communication systems, human language is ________. 

A:stimulus free
B:stimulus bound 
C:under immediate stimulus control 
D:stimulated by some occurrence of communal interest 
答案: stimulus free

9、
________ has been widely accepted as the forefather of modern linguistics. 

A:Chomsky
B:de Saussure
C:Bloomfield
D:John Lyons
答案: de Saussure

10、
By saying language is arbitrary, we mean that there is no logical connection between meaning and ________.

A:word 
B:morpheme
C:sound 
D:phoneme
答案: sound 

第二章 单元测试

1、
What kind of sounds can we make, when the vocal cords are vibrating?

A:Voiceless consonants
B:Voiced consonants
C:Glottal stop
D:Vowels
答案: Voiced consonants;Vowels

2、
Which one is different from the others according to manners of articulation? 

A:[f] 
B:[v] 
C:[z]
D:[w]
答案: [w]

3、
Which of the following CANNOT be considered as a minimal pair? 

A:but-bus 
B:but-bat 
C:but-put 
D:but-cut
答案: but-put 

4、
The sound /z/ can be described with “voiced, ________, alveolar”. 

A:affricate 
B:fricative 
C:labiodental 
D:palatal
答案: fricative 

5、
In English, if three consonants cluster together at the beginning of a word, the combination could be the following EXCEPT ________.

A:[spr]  
B:[stj] 
C:[skw] 
D:[spl] 
E:[sks]
答案: [stj] ;[sks]

6、
A phoneme in one language or one dialect may be an allophone in another language or dialect.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

7、
The speech sounds which are in complementary distribution are definitely allophones of the same phoneme.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

8、
Broad Transcription is intended to symbolize all the possible speech sounds, including the minute shades. 

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

9、
The initial sound of “peak” is aspirated while the second sound of “speak” is unaspirated. They are allophones.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

10、
Phonetic similarity means that the allophones of a phoneme must bear some morphological resemblance.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

第三章 单元测试

1、
The italicized word in the sentence “They are better fed, better housed, and better clothed than ever before” is a good example of ________.

A:compounding
B:blending 
C:conversion 
D:derivation
答案: conversion 

2、
We can classify morphemes into ________.

A:bound morphemes and free morphemes
B:lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes
C:derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes
D:adjective morphemes and numeral morphemes
答案: bound morphemes and free morphemes;lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes;derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes

3、
________ of the four words are good examples of compounding.

A: hotdog 
B:blueprint 
C:blackboard 
D:mouthful
答案:  hotdog ;blueprint ;blackboard 

4、
A(n) ________ is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible or analyzable into smaller forms. 

A:morpheme 
B:allomorph 
C:word 
D:lexeme
答案: morpheme 

5、
The word children contains _________ morphemes 

A: 1
B: 2
C: 3
D: 4
答案:  2

6、
The italicized word in sentence ________, the italicized part DOESN’T involve conversion. 

A:His smile could not very well mask his anger.
B:He walked carefully so as not to wet his shoes.
C:The teacher told the students to be quiet. 
D: The book yellowed with age.
答案: The teacher told the students to be quiet. 

7、
Most prefixes can occur as independent words.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

8、
Such compounds as quick-frozen, far-fetched, fresh-baked, and long-awaited are  created by “a./ad. + v.-ed”.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

9、
In American English, compounds are NOT usually written solid as soon as they have gained some permanent status.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

10、
A compound can be formed by placing any lexical item in front of another.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

第四章 单元测试

1、
Syntax is the study of how words and phrases are properly formed out of elements of a language.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

2、
Many syntactic theories have developed in response to generative syntax.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

3、
In the course of its development, generative grammar gradually shifted its focus from language itself to the native speaker’s knowledge of language.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

4、
In the generative tradition, language is usually understood to refer to the all the language structures that native speakers can generate.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

5、
According to Chomsky, I-language refers to a set of sentences a native speaker can use.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

6、
The sub-component which includes the rules governing word formation is called ________. 

A:morphology
B:phonology 
C:semantics 
D:pragmatics
答案: morphology

7、
________ is to syntax what phoneme to phonology and morpheme to morphology. 

A:Syntactic category 
B:Sentence 
C:Utterance 
D:Meaning
答案: Syntactic category 

8、
Among the following categories, ________ are word categories.

A:VP 
B:NP 
C:P
D:Adj.
答案: P;Adj.

9、
In the category of CP, letter C stands for ____________. 

A:capital 
B:complement 
C:curriculum 
D:complementizer
答案: complementizer

10、
Adverbs in English can be divided into ________.

A:manner adverbs
B:small adverbs 
C:big adverbs 
D:sentence-adverbs
答案: manner adverbs;sentence-adverbs

第五章 单元测试

1、
The approach to semantic study that is more concerned with the relationship between linguistic expressions and the phenomena in the world to which they refer may be called ________.

A:Logical Semantics 
B:Linguistic Semantics 
C:Formal Semantics 
D:Cognitive Semantics
答案: Logical Semantics 

2、
The Contextualist View of meaning is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from observable contexts.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

3、
Meaning can be studied as ________.

A:naming 
B:concepts 
C:contexts  
D:behavior
答案: naming ;concepts ;contexts  ;behavior

4、
Predication analysis is to break down predications into their constituents: ________ and ________.

A:head 
B:argument 
C:predicate 
D:complement
答案: argument ;predicate 

5、
The predication of the sentence “Jack is happy” is said to consist of Jack, the _________, and happy, the predicate. 

A:argument 
B:predicate 
C:predication 
D:subject
答案: argument 

6、
The sense relations between words can be analyzed in terms of truth conditions.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

7、
As for gradable antonyms, the denial of one is the assertion of the other.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

8、
A pair of complementary antonyms is characterized by the feature that the denial of one member implies the assertion of the other.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

9、
The concept of REFERENCE can be regarded as a connection between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

10、
According to the classic semantic triangle suggested by Ogden and Richards, the meaning of a word is the concept connecting the word with the real thing in the world. This concept is called Reference or Thought.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

第六章 单元测试

1、
All the acts that belong to the same category act share the same purpose or the same illocutionary act, and they are the same in their strength or force. 

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

2、
Conversation participants almost always observe the CP and the maxims of the CP. 

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

3、
A sentence is grammatical concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied as the abstract intrinsic property of the sentence itself in terms of a predication

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

4、
Utterance is based on sentence meaning; it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication or simply in a context.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

5、
All the utterance that can be made to serve the same purpose may vary in their ________ form. 

A:syntactic  
B:semantic 
C:grammatical 
D:pragmatic
答案: syntactic  

6、
The Cooperative Principle is proposed by ________. 

A:John Searle  
B:John Austin  
C:Paul Grice 
D:John Lyons 
答案: Paul Grice 

7、
The maxim of quantity requires: ________. 

A:Make your contribution as informative as required.
B:Do not make contribution more informative than is required.
C:Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence.
D:Do not say something that is not relevant.
答案: Make your contribution as informative as required.;Do not make contribution more informative than is required.

8、
Most of the violations of the maxims of the CP give rise to ________. 

A:utterance meaning
B:speech act theory
C:conversational implicatures
D:

all of the options

答案: conversational implicatures

9、
The significance of Grice’s CP lies in that it explains how it is possible for the speaker to convey ________ is literally said. 

A:more than  
B:less than 
C:the same as  
D:none of the  options
答案: more than  

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